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 Cosmic-ray and gamma-ray experiments

- Space experiments
- Balloon experiments
- Atmospheric Cherenkov experiments
- Atmospheric fluorescence experiments
- Air shower experiments with particle detectors
- Neutron monitors
- Other ground-based cosmic-ray experiments
 
  • Space experiments
  • - ACE [Advanced Composition Explorer] 
    - AGILE [Astro-rivelatore Gamma a Immagini LEggero]
    - AMS [Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer] 
    - ASCA [Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics]
    - BeppoSAX [Satellite per Astronomia X] 
    - ChandraX-ray satellite
    - CGRO [Compton Gamma Ray Observatory]
    - Geotail (measures the Earth's magnetotail)
    - GLAST [Gamma ray Large Area Space Telescope]
    - GRANATgamma-ray satellite with several experiments 
    - HETE [High-Energy Transient Experiment] 
    - IMP-8 (Interplanetary Monitoring Platform)
    - INTEGRAL [INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory] 
    - NINA [New Instrument for Nuclear Analysis]
    - PAMELA(magnet spectrometer)
    - Polar (examines the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere)
    - Rosat X-ray satellite
    - RXTE [Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer]
    - SAMPEX [Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer]
    - Spectrum-X-Gamma satelliteis a future mission
    - Suzaku X-ray satellite (Astro-E2 mission)
    - SWIFT(gamma ray burst mission)
    - Ulysses (explores interplanetary space at high solar latitudes)
    - Voyager (two spacecrafts heading towards interstellar space)
    - WIND(explores solar wind and plasma processes near the earth)
    - XMM-Newton [X-ray Multi-mirror Mission] 
     
        Some missions/experiments proposed or under development:
    - ACCESS [Advanced Cosmic ray Composition Experiment for the Space Station]
    - AGILE [Astro-rivelatore Gamma a Immagini LEggero] 
    - Andromeda(a coded-aperture gamma-ray telescope)
    - BLAST [Burst Locations with an Arc Second Telescope]
    - EUSO [Extreme Universe Space Observatory ] 
    - MEGA [Medium Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy]
    - OWL [Orbiting Wide-angle Light-collectors] 
     
  • Balloon experiments
  • - AESOP/LEE [Anti-Electron Sub Orbital Payload / Low Energy Electrons]
    - ANITA [Antarctic Impulse Transient Array] 
    - ATIC [Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter]
    - BaBy [Background Bypass] 
    - BESS [Balloon-borne Experiment] 
    - BETS [Balloon borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating fibers]
    - CAPRICE [Cosmic AntiParticle Ring Imaging Cherenkov Experiment]
    - CREAM [Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Balloon Experiment] 
    - GRATIS [Gamma-Ray Arcminute Telescope Imaging System]
    - GRIP [Gamma Ray Imaging Payload]
    - GRIS [Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer]
    - HEAT [High Energy Antimatter Telescope]
    - HIREGS [High Resolution Gamma-Ray and Hard X-Ray Spectrometer]
    - IMAX [Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment] 
    - ISOMAX [Isotope Magnet Experiment]
    - JACEE [Japanese-American Collaborative Emulsion Experiment]
    - MASS [Matter Antimatter Superconducting Spectrometer] 
    - RUNJOB [RUssian-Nippon JOint Balloon Experiment]
    - SMILI [Superconducting Magnet Instrument for Light Isotopes]
    - TIGRE [Tracking and Imaging Gamma Ray Experiment] 
    - TIGER [Trans Iron Galactic Element Recorder]
    - TRACER [Transition Radiation Array for Cosmic Energetic Radiation]
     
  • Atmospheric Cherenkov experiments
  • Telescopes and telescope systems:

    - CANGAROOat Woomera, Australia 
    - CAT  [Cherenkov Array at Thémis] (
    - CLUE [C(h)erenkov Light Ultraviolet Experiment] 
    - HEGRA Cherenkov Telescopes on La Palma, Canary Islands
    - Narrabri, Australia: Mark 6 telescopes of the University of Durham
    - PACT [Pachmarhi Array of C(h)erenkov telescopes] 
    - TACTIC [TeV Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescope with Imaging Camera] 
    - Whipple Gamma-Ray Telescopeon Mt. Hopkins, Arizona
     

    New telescope projects:

    - CANGAROO-III system of four 10 m telescopes in Australia 
    - H.E.S.S. [High Energy Stereoscopic System]
    - MAGIC (a 17 m telescope on La Palma, Canary Islands)
    - MACE [Major Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescope Experiment] 
    - VERITAS [Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System] 
     

    Solar power facilities as light collectors:

    - CACTUS [Converted Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope Using Solar-2]
    - CELESTE [CErenkov Low Energy Sampling and Timing Experiment] 
    - GRAAL [Gamma-Ray Astronomy at ALmeria] near Almeria, Spain 
    - STACEE [Solar Tower Air Cherenkov Experiment] at Sandia Labs, New Mexico
     

    Cherenkov counter arrays:

    - AIROBICC (non-imaging counters in the HEGRAarray)
    - BLANCA
    - TUNKA-25(array of non-imaging counters near Lake Baikal)
     

    Other Cherenkov light detection concepts:

    - SPHERE (a balloon project looking for light reflected on snow)
    - GAW Gamma Air Watch (a project using Fresnel lenses for imaging).
     
     
  • Atmospheric fluorescence experiments
  • - ASHRA [All-sky Survey High Resolution Air-shower detector]
    - Auger Project Fluorescence Group
    - EUSO [Extreme Universe Space Observatory ] 
    - HiResThe High Resolution Fly's Eye Cosmic Ray Detector
    - OWL [Orbiting Wide-angle Light collectors] 
    - Telescope Array (multiple detectors for fluorescence light plus ground array)
     
     
  • Air shower experiments with particle detectors
  • - AGASA [Akeno Giant Air Shower Array]
    - ARGO-YBJ: new experiment under construction in Tibet
    - ASCE [Air-Shower Core Experiment] 
    - Buckland Park Extensive Air Shower Array (Australia)
    - CASA [Chicago Air Shower Array] 
    - CRT [Cosmic Ray Tracking] 
    - EAS-TOP experiment (Italy, above the Gran Sasso underground laboratory)
    - Haverah Park (former experiment of Leeds University)
    - GRAND [Gamma Ray Astrophysics at Notre Dame] 
    - GREX [Gamma Ray Experiment] 
    - HEGRA [High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy] 
    - KASCADE [KArlsruhe Shower Core and Array DEtector]
    - MILAGRO (Water Cherenkov experiment near Los Alamos)
    - Norikura Observatoryin Japan
    - Pierre Auger Project
    - SPASE 2 [South Pole Air Shower Array]
    - SUGAR [Sydney University Giant Air shower Recorder] 
    - Tian-Shan Mountain Cosmic Ray Station  
    - Tibet AS-gamma experiment: scintillation counter array
     
     
  • Neutron monitors
  • - Bartol neutron monitor program
    - Swiss Neutron monitors and SONTEL [Solar Neutron Telescope Gornergrat]
    - Mexico City neutron monitor data sets
    - Moscow neutron monitor 
    - Neutron monitor data setsfrom the University of New Hampshire
    - Neutron monitor data archive at NOAA
    - Oulu Cosmic Ray Station
    - Neutron monitors of the Potchefstroom University in the southern hemisphere
    - Neutron monitor data from Yerevan
    - Lomnický Stít neutron monitor(Slovakia)
     
     
  • Other ground-based cosmic-ray experiments
  •  

    Large-area detector networks

    - ALTA Alberta Large area Time coincidence Array
    - CHICOS California HIghschool Cosmic ray ObServatory
    - CROP [Cosmic Ray Observatory Project]
    - HiSPARC [High School Project on Astro-Physics Research with Cosmics] 
    - NALTA [North American Large area Time coincidence Arrays]
    - NYSCPT [New York Schools Cosmic Particle Telescope]
    - WALTA [WAshington Large Area Time coincidence Array] 
     

    Shower detection by radio waves

    - LOFAR [LOw Frequency ARray] and the prototype station LOPES
    - CODALEMA [Cosmics Detector Array Logarithmic ElectroMagnetic Antennas]
     

    Other detectors/experiments

    - Pamir emulsion chamber experiment.
    - University of Adelaide Cosmic Ray Muon Monitor
     
     

    High-energy neutrino and underground muon experiments

    - Neutrino experiments at particle accelerators
    - Reactor neutrino experiments
    - Underground neutrino experiments
    - Underwater neutrino experiments
    - Experiments in Antarctic ice
    - Other cosmic neutrino experiments
     
  • Neutrino experiments at particle accelerators
  • - BooNE [Booster Neutrino Experiment]
    - CHORUS [CERN Hybrid Oscillation Research apparatUS]
    - COSMOS [COsmologically Significant Mass Oscillation Search]
    - KARMEN [KArlsruhe Rutherford Intermediate Energy Neutrino Experiment]
    - KEK-PS E362(K2K: KEK to Kamioka) 
    - LSND [Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector] 
    - MINOS [Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search]
    - NOE [Neutrino Oscillation Experiment]
    - NOMAD [Neutrino Oscillation MAgnetic Detector] 
    - NuTeV(Fermilab experiment E815)
    - OPERA [Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus]
    - TAU(Fermilab experiment E 872)
    - TOSCA [Topological Oscillation Search with kinematiCal Analysis]
     
     
  • Reactor neutrino experiments
  • - CHOOZ (reactor neutrino oscillations experiment, Ardennes, France)
    - Double-CHOOZ  
    - HLMA [High LMA-Solution of MSW-Effect] 
    - KamLAND(in the Kamiokamine, Japan).
    - MUNU (at the Bugey nuclear power plant, France)
    - Palo Verde neutrino oscillation experiment
     
     
  • Underground neutrino and muon experiments
  • - BOREXINOexperiment at Gran Sasso
    -CERN underground muon experiments Cosmics with L3and CosmoLEP
    - GALLEX [GALLium EXperiment] 
    - GNO [Gallium Neutrino Observatory] 
    -Various GRAN SASSOexperiments [GALLEX, LVD, MACRO]
    - GERDA [GERmanium Detector Array] 
    - HELLAZ [HELium á la tempèrature de L'AZote liquide] 
    - HERON R&D project
    - ICARUS [Imaging Cosmic And Rare Underground Signal]
    - IMB [Irvine Michigan Brookhave
    - LENS [Low Energy Neutrino Spectroscopy]
    - LVD experiment [Large Volume Detector] at Gran Sasso.
    - MACRO [Monopole, Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays] 
    - OMNIS [Observatory for Multiflavor NeutrInos from Supernovae]
    - SAGE [Soviet-American Gallium Experiment]
    - SNO [Sudbury Neutrino Observatory] 
    - SOUDAN-2 (Tower-Soudan Iron Mine, Minnesota, USA)
    - Super Kamiokando
     
     
  • Underwater neutrino experiments
  • - ANTARES  [Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch]
    - Baikal (underwater neutrino experiment in Lake Baikal, Russia)
    - DUMAND [Deep Undersea Muon and Neutrino Detector], from Hawaii U.
    - NEMO [NEutrino subMarine Observatory]
    - NESTOR, planned for deployment off the coast of Greece
     
     
  • Experiments in Antarctic ice (at the South Pole)
  • - AMANDA [Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector]
    - IceCube (a kilometer-scale neutrino observatory)
    - RAND [Radio Array Neutrino Detector]
    - RICE [Radio Ice Cerenkov Experiment]
     
     
  • Other cosmic neutrino experiments
  • - Goldstone 
     

    Other experiments

  • Dark matter searches
  • - CAST [CERN Axion Solar Telescope].
    - CDMS [Cryogenic Dark Matter Search]
    - CRESST [Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers]
    - DAMA [particle DArk MAtter searches with low activity scintillators] 
    - EDELWEISS [Expérience pour DÉtecter Les WIMPs En SIte Souterrain]
    - HDMS [Heidelberg Dark Matter Search]
    - UK-DMC [UK Dark Matter Collaboration, Boulby Mine]
     
  • Gravitational wave experiments
  • - AURIGAand other experiments form the IGEC 
    - GEO 600
    - LIGO [Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory]
    - LISA [Laser Interferometer Space Antenna]
    - LSU Gravitational Wave Experiment (Louisiana State University)
    - MiniGRAIL [Gravitational Radiation Antenna In Leiden]
    - Rome gravitational wave research group
    - TAMA Tokyo Advanced Medium-scale Antenna
    - VIRGO
    - Other gravitational physics activities
     

    Simulation of cosmic ray air-showers

    - CORSIKA [COsmic Ray SImulations for KAscade] 
    - Electron Gamma Shower (EGS) web page at LBL (U.S.A.)
    - Cosmos, GENAS, and EPICS simulation codes by K. Kasahara (Japan)
    - AIRES [AIRshower Extended Simulations] at La Plata (Argentina)
    - KASCADE simulation program
    - HEMAS-DPMair-shower simulation program
     

    Miscellaneous sites of cosmic-ray and astroparticle research (sorted by region)

    - Europe
    - North America
    - South America
    - Australia
    - Africa
    - Asia
     
  • Europe
  • Armenia
    - Yerevan: Cosmic Ray Division, Yerevan Physics Institute
     
    Denmark
    - Copenhagen: Danish Space Research Institute
     
    Finnland
    - Helsinki: Astroparticle physics and cosmology at Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki
    - Pyhäsalmi: Centre for Underground Physics in Pyhäsalmi (CUPP)
    - Turku: Space Research Laboratory, University of Turku
     
    France
    - Marseille: Centre de Physique de Particules
    - Palaiseau: LPNHE at Ecole Polytechnique
    - Paris: LPNHE - Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies at University Paris VI-VII
    - Paris: Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaireat the Collège de France
     
    Germany
    - Berlin: Humboldt University experimental particle physics group
    - Bochum: Theoretical space physics and astrophysics group
    - Garching: Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik
    - Hamburg: Group at II. Institut für Experimentalphysik
    - Heidelberg: Cosmic Ray group at Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
    - Karlsruhe: Research Centreand University
    - Kiel: Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik
    - Lindau: Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie
    - Munich: Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
    - Siegen: astrophysics groupat University physics department
    - Wuppertal: group at University physics department
    - Zeuthen: Neutrino Astrophysics Group
     
    Greece
    - Pylos: Nestor Insitute for Deep Sea Research, Technology and Neutrino Astroparticle Physics
     
    Ireland
    - Dublin: School of Cosmic Raysat the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
    - Dublin: High Energy Astrophysicsat the University College Dublin
    - Galway: Gamma-ray Astronomy Group at the National University of Ireland
     
    Italy
    - Bologna: INFN Bologna
    - Milano: Istituto di Fisica Cosmica
    - Palermo: IASF/CNR - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica
    - Pisa: INFN Pisa
    - Rome: INFN Roma 1
    - Rome: INFN Roma 2
     
    Netherlands
    - Committee for Astroparticle Physics in The Netherlands
    - Amsterdam: Astronomical Institute "Anton Pannekoek"
    - Amsterdam: NIKHEF (National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics)
    - Dwingeloo: ASTRON (The Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy)
    - Nijmegen: Astrophysics at Radboud University
    - Utrecht: Astronomical Institute at the University of Utrecht
    - Utrecht: SRON(National Institute for Space Research)
     
    Romania
    - Bucharest-Magurele: Institute of Space Sciences
     
    Russia
    - Lebedev Physical Institute
    - Moscow State University: High energy physics and Laboratory of High Energy Cosmic Radiation of the Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics
     
    Slovakia
    - Kosice: Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Science
     
    Slovenia
    - Laboratory for Astroparticle Physicsat Nova Gorica Polytechnic
     
    Spain
    - Alcalá: Space Plasmas and Astroparticle (SPAS) group
    - Barcelona: Institute for high energy physics
    - Madrid: High energy physics groupat the Universidad Complutense
    - Zaragoza: High energy pyhsics lab
     
    Sweden
    - Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology
    - Stockholm: Elementary particle physics groupat the University of Stockholm.
    - Uppsala: Elementary particle and astroparticle physics research at the Department of Radiation Sciences of the University of Uppsala.
    - Uppsala: Swedish Institute of Space Physics
     
    Switzerland (including CERN)
    - Geneva: CERN: CosmoLEP, Cosmics with L3
    - Bern: University
     
    United Kingdom
    - Birmingham: Development of space instrumentation
    - Durham: University of Durham physics department
    - Leeds: Astrophysics at Leeds University
    - London: Astrophysics groupat Imperial College
    - Nottingham: Cosmic ray and astrophysics group
    - Oxford: Neutrino groups at the physics department
    - Sheffield: Particle astrophysics group
     
    Serbia
    - Belgrade: Low Level Radiation Laboratory at the Institute of Physics
     
     
  • North America
  •  
    Canada
    - Calgary: Institute for Space Research
     
    Mexico
    - Mexico City: Physics departmentat CINVESTAV
     
    United States
    - NASA- Goddard Space Flight Center(Greenbelt, Maryland):
    - Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics
    - High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center
    - Compton Observatory Science Support Center
    - Albuquerque (New Mexico): New Mexico Center for Particle Physics
    - Ames (Iowa): Physics Departmentat Iowa State University
    - Ann Arbor (Michigan): Physics Departmentat University of Michigan
    - Baton Rouge (Louisiana): Space Physics Data System -- Cosmic Rays
    - Berkeley (California): LBL Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysicsand neutrino astrophysics group.
    - Boston (Massachusetts): Boston University Physics Department
    - Boulder (Colorado): Cosmic ray data at the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)
    - Cambridge (Massachusetts): High Energy Astrophysics Division of Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
    - Chicago (Illinois): University of Chicago high energy physics groups
    - College Park (Maryland): Particle astrophysicsand space physics groups at the University of Maryland
    - Huntsville (Alabama): Astrophysics and Solar-Terrestial Researchat the University of Alabama
    - Las Cruces (New Mexico): R.L. Golden Particle Astrophysics Labat New Mexico State University
    - Madison (Wisconsin): Astrophysics at UW Madison Department of Physics
    - Newark (Delaware): Bartol Research Institute
    - Yew York (New York): Physics departments at Columbia University
    - Notre Dame (Indiana): Astrophysics Group
    - Pasadena (California): California Institute of Technology - Space Radiation Laboratory
    - Riverside (California): UCR High Energy Astrophysics Group
    - Salt Lake City (Utah): Experimental Astroparticle Physics at University of Utah
    - San Diego (California): Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences
    - Santa Cruz (California): Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics
    - Seattle (Washington): Particle Astrophysics Group at University of Washington
    - Stanford (California): Stanford University
    - GLAST group at Stanford University
    - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology (KIPAC)
    - Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) Group K
    - St. Louis (Missouri): Washington University Laboratory for Experimental Astrophysics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences
    - West Lafayette (Indiana): Purdue University High Energy Astrophysics group
     
     
  • South America
  •  
    Argentina
    - TANDAR Laboratory, Buenos Aires
    - Auger group at University of La Plata
     
    Brasil
    - Department of Cosmic Rays and Chronologyat the University of Campinas physics institute
    - Rio de Janeiro: LAFEX (Cosmology and High Energy Physics Laboratory)
     
     
  • Australia

  • - Astrophysics Group, University of Adelaide
    - Cosmic Ray group of the University of Tasmania, Hobart
     
     
  • Africa
  •  
    Namibia
    - Windhoek: University of Namibia
     
    South Africa
    - Gamma-Ray Astrophysics group at Potchefstroom University
     
     
  • Asia
  •  
    China
    - Cosmic Ray and High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory
     
    India
    - Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay
    - High Energy Gamma Ray Observatoryat Pachmarhi
    - Astrophysical Sciences Division of the Bhabha Atomic Research Centreat Mumbai
     
    Japan
    - Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), University of Tokyo
    - Astro Particle Physics Lab., University of Kobe
    - Cosmic Ray Lab., Yokohama National University
    - RIKEN Cosmic Radiation Laboratory
    - Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University
    - Air shower group at Okayama University
    - Institute for Cosmic-Ray Physics, University of Osaka
    - Fujimoto Hasegawa Laboratory, Waseda University
    - Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Sagamihara (Tokyo)
     
    South Korea
    - Pusan University Astrophysics Group
     
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